Anketa - Platform workers_improving working conditions

an intermediary connecting a client and a service provideran economic system which helps standardise work, distribute tasks among workersa digital tool for placing orders, executing transactions and making paymentstechnical infrastructure (the Internet, mobile apps, websites) which allows receiving and accepting information in any geographical locationemployment contracts between a digital platform and workers regarding the performance of certain worka business model, whereby digital platforms make a profit by using freelancersother

MaleFemale

StudentUnemployedFather/Mother growing childrenA person who needs a second jobFreelancer (e.g. lawyer, business consultant, accountant, etc.)Representative of creative professions (e.g. designer, artist, journalist, writer, etc.)A retired personOther

In urban areasIn regions (rural areas)Equally in urban and rural areasIt is difficult to say

1-absolutely not important	2-not important	3-neither important nor unimportant	4-important	5-absolutely important
Digital platform work is my major source of income

Digital platform work is my additional source of income

Digital platform work helps reduce the costs of commuting, lunch at work, renting an apartment near the workplace, etc.

I do digital platform work informally to receive state benefits (e.g. unemployment benefit) at the same time

I cannot find a job in the traditional labour market

I have health problems that make it difficult to find another kind of job

Digital platform work allows me to balance work time with caring for a family member (e.g. children, elderly parents, disabled family members)

Flexibility - I can freely choose the time, duration, place, means of work

Autonomy - I can manage my own work activities, career process and progress

I like working not in the traditional office environment

Greater work efficiency - I can use working time more efficiently, have fewer ineffective breaks

Anonymity – digital platform work ensures greater security for me, as I do not disclose my full personal data when registering on the platform (clients only see my registration number, country, rating in the system)

Competence - when doing digital platform work, I feel professional, skilled, the tasks are interesting

I communicate with clients; I feel useful to society

Prevention of discrimination – digital platform work helps to prevent discrimination based on my nationality, gender, age, etc. because I can hide behind the veil of anonymity

1 - I absolutely do not agree	2 - I do not agree	3- I neither agree nor disagree	4 – I agree	5 – I absolutely agree
When working on digital platforms, I do not have social security, I cannot receive social benefits (sickness, maternity, unemployment benefits, etc.)

I mostly informally work on digital platforms

I am not guaranteed minimum wage

When working on digital platforms, I am not entitled to paid rest, vacation time

Lack of flexibility – I need to constantly monitor the Internet or mobile apps because tasks come irregularly

Lack of autonomy - I cannot significantly influence the nature and variety of tasks, cannot freely select work methods

Irregular working hours, uneven workload, I spend a lot of unpaid time looking for tasks

There is no communication among workers, clients and platform organisers, the activities of workers are practically left to self-management

Limited opportunities for skills and career development - repetitive tasks, only minimal training

There is no boundary between work and personal environment, technology invades personal life

Poor working conditions and income instability reduce motivation and job satisfaction

1- I absolutely do not agree	2 - I do not agree	3- I neither agree nor disagree	4 – I agree	5 – I absolutely agree
Social security is sufficient, I am entitled to social benefits

Technologies increase the transparency of activities, everything is formal

My income from work on digital platforms is quite high

I have a lot of flexibility in selecting tasks, work schedule, intensity, work methods

I have a lot of freedom of action, I can manage my career

My work week is shorter than the usual 40-hour work week; I have more time for family obligations and leisure time

I am not subordinate to the managers of traditional companies; I can build a reputation for myself

By working on digital platforms, I learn languages (e.g. English), master technologies, acquire other knowledge

I experience less emotional stress; I feel a work-life balance

I feel satisfied with work, variety of tasks, flexibility, comfort when working from home

YesNo (please, go to question 14)I am not sure, it is difficult to say (please, go to question 14)

the terms of the contract reflect the interests of platform organisers, but not on the interests of workersthe contract allows platform organisers to unilaterally change the terms of the contract without notifying workersthe contract allows platform organisers to update the content of the document without notifying workers in advancethe terms of the contract are set out in the language which is too complicated and difficult to understand to workersthe primary document has many attached documents and indirect referencessubmitting and accepting a job offer is done digitally (by pressing the consent button), which leaves no room for negotiations and expressing your opinionit appears that platform rules even trump state lawsit is not clear which laws - domestic or international - should be followed when working on international platforms

1- I absolutely do not agree	2 - I do not agree	3- I neither agree nor disagree	4 – I agree	5 – I absolutely agree
Digital platforms cannot replace the traditional job market

Real employment relationships are distorted

Intense competition reduces my power as a worker to set wages

Exploitation of workers, unfair distribution of profits

Automatic algorithms put too much control over workers

Inadequate social security schemes for workers

Exploitative working conditions

Flexibility and autonomy actually mean uncertainty and insecure working conditions

Irregular and long working hours lead to overtime and pose health risks to workers

Intense competition increases the psychological and social vulnerability of workers

Wage instability leads to financial insecurity of workers

Anonymity when working on digital platforms does not protect against discrimination

Lower prices for goods and services promote excessive consumption

Telephones and computers consume a large amount of electricity

Electronic devices last a relatively short time

Internet traffic and servers require a lot of energy

A specific and clear definition of the legal status of platform workers (i.e. a clear indication of whether they are employees or self-employed persons)Increasing social security for digital platform workersImproving representation of workers’ interests (e.g. organising workers’ meetings, establishing workers’ unions, etc.)Greater data control and control of automatic systems (algorithms) on digital platforms Increasing the work-life balance of digital platform workers Other

Platform workers_improving working conditions

1. Which of the following definitions do you think best explains what digital work platforms are? (mark one or more answers that best reflect your point of view)

2. What sorts of work do you do on digital platforms? (mark one or more answers that apply to you)

3. Your gender (mark one answer which applies to you)

4. Your age (mark one answer which applies to you)

5. Your education (mark one answer which applies to you)

6. Your social status (mark one or more answers that apply to you)

7. How much income do you earn per month through digital platforms? (mark one answer which applies to you)

8. Where do you do most of your work through digital platforms? (mark one answer which applies to you)

9. What is your nationality? (mark one answer which applies to you)

10. Which of the motives listed in the table below are important to you for working through digital platforms? (rank each statement at the 5-point ranking scale: 1-absolutely not important, 2-not important, 3-neither important nor unimportant, 4-important, 5-absolutely important)

13. Have you concluded an employment contract or signed any other document for digital platform work? (mark one answer which applies to you)

14. What major problems, which are related to the terms of the contract for digital platform work, do you notice? (mark one or more answers that apply to you)

16. Which of the measures listed below, in your opinion, would be most useful in improving working conditions on digital platforms? (mark one or more answers that apply to you)